Physiotherapy: Goals, Effects, Uses and Branches

Goals of Physiotherapy

The use of natural forces of nature for treatment provides an opportunity to achieve an effective result, reducing the possibility of negative consequences, increasing recovery periods and eliminating complications of the disease. In order to prevent many diseases, physiotherapy techniques are successfully used.

Therapeutic effects

Physiotherapy acts as an additional method of recovery and improvement of health. The doctor prescribes a course of physiotherapy to the patient to provide the following effects:

• improvement of blood microcirculation and lymph supply;
• reduction of pain;
• increased immunity;
• Improvement of vibration sensitivity
• Biofeedback therapy – for problems of emotional dysregulation;
• improvement of metabolism;
• acceleration of tissue repair and regeneration processes;
• removal of swelling and elimination of edema;
• electromyostimulation;
• decreased tone of skeletal muscles;
• relaxation;
• adaptation of the body;
• regeneration of organs and tissues;
• improvement of brain activity;
• treatment of stress and depression;
• reduction of immobilization period;
• preoperative preparation.

Application in the branches of medicine

Doctors widely use physiotherapeutic methods of treatment for the prevention and treatment of diseases in various fields of medicine: gynecology, urology, venereology, sexopathology, surgery, dentistry, ophthalmology, neurology, pediatrics, cardiology, pulmonology, gastroenterology, psychology, rehabilitation, orthopedics, rheumatology, cosmetology, trichology, dermatology, endocrinology, traumatology and even oncology.

If necessary, the doctor will prescribe examinations using medical equipment, for example, a cardiogram, X-rays of the spine and other organs, ultrasound, computed and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

In order to diagnose the causes of pain in medicine, doctors use a whole set of methods:

• examination of human organs using a computer;
• measurement of heart rate and muscle contractions;
• listening to the valvular apparatus of the heart using echocardiography;
• spirometry examination;
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
• duplex scanning;
• computed tomography (CT);
• comprehensive examination.

Physiotherapeutic procedures help to eliminate the inflammatory process, improve tissue trophism by activating blood circulation, as well as normalizing nerve conduction. Therefore, doctors usually prescribe a course of magnetic therapy, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy, phonophoresis, drug electrophoresis.

In order to diagnose the causes of pain, doctors use a whole set of methods using hardware diagnostics:

• ultrasound examination (ultrasound) – determines the level of inflammation;
• cystoscopy – the study of the internal structure of the organ, using an endoscope, for the presence of tumors;
• radiography – examination of the organ for the presence of defects;
• Electrocardiography;
• daily measurement of blood pressure;
• electroneuromyography;
• study of neuromuscular conduction.

Methods of physiotherapeutic procedures

According to the method of conducting physiotherapeutic procedures are divided into:

• General
• Local
• segmental-reflex;
• to biologically active points;
• Zacharyina-Geda zones.

Features of the procedures

1. Only one general physiotherapy is allowed per day. Local procedures are recommended to be carried out first, and only then general physiotherapy. The daily number of physiotherapy procedures should not exceed three.
2. On the same day, you can not perform physiotherapy of the opposite action: for example, after heat treatment – ice baths.
3. Only one physiotherapy procedure per one projection or reflexogenic zone can be used per day.
4. Treatment with physiotherapeutic methods can not be combined with acupuncture.
5. Taking into account that physiotherapeutic methods enhance the effect of drugs, their reception should be reviewed.
6. It is necessary to observe the compatibility of physical factors.
7. Repeated treatment with physiotherapeutic methods can be started no earlier than six months after the end of the previous treatment.

Sections of physiotherapy

Electrotherapy with the help of various effects:

• Galvanization – exposure to direct electric current up to 50 mA (low force) and voltage up to 60V (low);
• Amplipulse therapy – is carried out using current fluctuations in order to improve blood supply, metabolism, increase muscle tone,
• Electrical stimulation – affects the muscles and nerve trunks with pulsed electric currents;
• Darsonvalization – the effect on the surface tissues of the body with pulsed currents of high frequency;
• Electrosleep – the effect on the central nervous system of a person with a pulsed current of low frequency;
• Diadynamic therapy – the effect of diadynamic currents on the body for therapeutic, prophylactic and rehabilitation purposes;
• Interference therapy – the action of two currents of different frequency in pain syndromes of neuromuscular etiology, injuries of the musculoskeletal system, deforming arthrosis;
• Inductotherapy – the action of alternating electric current, in which internal heat is formed in the internal organs and pathways of blood flow;
• Fluttering is a low-voltage electric current with a chaotically changing frequency and amplitude;
• Electronarcosis – the effect of an electric current of a certain force on the central nervous system;
• Magnetotherapy – the use of a static or alternating magnetic field;
• Ultratonotherapy – the use of alternating currents activate the metabolism of surface tissues and enhance their secretory activity.
• UHF therapy – the action of an alternating magnetic field of high and ultra-high frequency;
• Franklinization – exposure to up to a quarter of an hour with a constant electric field with high voltage;
• Microwave (SMV and UHF therapy) is a method of treatment based on the use of microwave energy of an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency;
• Invita therapy – the influence of an electric field of low frequency and low intensity in order to improve microcirculation, stimulate tissue metabolism;

Light therapy:

• Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 30 FHz to 750 THz;
• Infrared radiation – electromagnetic radiation covers wavelengths from 780 nm to about 1 mm and frequencies from 300 GHz to 385 THz;
• Visible radiation is electromagnetic waves, with a wavelength of approximately 380 (violet) to 740 nm (red). Such waves occupy a frequency range of 400 to 790 terahertz.

Heat therapy is a method of heat treatment. Physiotherapeutic direction, where with the help of exposure to heat there is a deep warming of the tissues of the body, is divided into types:

• paraffin therapy (paraffin is used);
• ozokerite (use of carbon and paraffin);
• psammotherapy (sand is used);
• clay therapy (clay is used);
• mud therapy (therapeutic mud is used);
• baths and saunas.

Hydropathy

Hydrotherapy is the restoration of vigor of spirit and a charge of strength, pouring cold water, wiping with a wet towel have an energetic effect. You can take a contrast shower, Charcot shower which trains blood vessels. You can do hydromassage of the feet to quickly restore blood circulation or steam the feet in an aqueous solution with sea salt or medicinal herbs. The use of baths using hydromassage, pearl baths, using decoctions of medicinal herbs.

Physical impact:

• Massage is an effective method, consists in the mechanical effect of theskin, rubbing and pressing on it. Tactile touches help to relax and get pleasant emotions.
• Mechanotherapy is a set of exercises aimed at restoring body functions with simulators.
• Manual therapy is a treatment when the doctor acts with his hands on the muscles of the spine, on the limbs of a person to bring the body into normal functioning.
• Physical therapy. Regular exercise will help improve blood circulation. This can be achieved only by performing smooth, slightly slow motions with a small amplitude, exercises should be performed slowly, do not make sudden movements. Classes must be held in a well-ventilated area, but not in a draft.
• Vibrotherapy treatment of inflammatory processes using special low-frequency vibration devices (in the form of vibration massage).
• Ultrasound therapyhelps to reduce exacerbations for recovery in the postoperative period and with pinched nerves and inflammation of the joints, gynecological diseases, ENT diseases and in dentistry.

Climatotherapy is a branch of physiotherapy, using climate and weather factors for therapeutic purposes:

• heliotherapy (sunlight);
• aerotherapy (air);
• speleotherapy (salt caves);
• thalassotherapy (sea, algae, sea mud).

Physiotherapy is a section of physiotherapy, using the actions of medicinal substances for therapeutic purposes:

• electrophoresis;
• electroaerosol therapy;
• ultraphonophoresis.

Contraindications to physiotherapy

Before starting a course of physiotherapy, the patient must make an appointment and consult with the attending physician.

Absolute contraindications:

• fever;
• myocardial infarction in the acute phase;
• hemophilia;
• hemostasiopathy;
• exacerbation of chronic processes;
• violation of the patient’s consciousness;
• loss of muscle mass;
• mental illness during the period of exacerbation;
• the presence of a pacemaker;
• individual intolerance.

Relative contraindications.

If the patient has additional diseases, then physiotherapeutic methods must be performed, taking into account the method, amount of time and area individually.

• hidden tumors;
• wounds and injuries of the skin;
• pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• the presence of stones in the internal organs;
• lowering blood pressure;
• inflammation of the veins;
• decreased bone density.

When conducting treatment, it is necessary to comply with all the professional requirements of the attending physician, and then the effect and benefits of hardware medicine will not be long in coming.

Physiotherapy help the patient in eliminating the pain symptoms of many diseases, reducing the inflammatory process, improving tissue trophism by activating blood circulation, normalizing nerve conduction. In order to quickly and efficiently understand the causes of pain, the patient needs to make an appointment with a doctor and conduct an examination with the help of modern medical equipment, you can sign up for physiotherapy at the Osteo+ osteopathy center in Moscow. Appointments are available online and by phone.